Discourse Analysis in Ardalan's Mastoureh Poems with Emphasis on Irony

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Ph.D, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Sanandaj Branch,Islamic Azad University,Sanandaj,Iran.

10.22034/lda.2026.145096.1119

Abstract

Irony is a term used in the three fields of literary criticism, philosophy, and rhetoric that makes literary texts interpretable and ambiguous. It is a kind of double-sided and sometimes multifaceted expression that surprises the audience. In irony, the poet or writer has the opportunity to say one thing and intend something else, because the concealment of the signified and its violation create tension in the text. In ironic speech, there is a kind of duality and contradictory meaning that causes ambiguity and the expansion of the contradiction of meaning in the text, and the poet or writer shows the conscious reader a truth behind his speech with a multifaceted expression. The ambiguity of ironic speech can be understood from the study of discourses. This literary technique has also been used by Mastoor Ardalan in his poems. In this descriptive-analytical study, which was conducted through library data collection, the method and extent of Mastoura's use of irony in order to convey his message to the reader have been examined. The present study leads us to the conclusion that Mastoura has used irony in his poetry in order to present critical, romantic, and glorifying themes of the times. The most frequent type of irony in Mastoura's poems is radical irony, which he uses to present his critical attitude towards the society of that time.

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