The position of wisdom themes from Ferdowsi's perspective, focusing on the role of literature in spreading knowledge

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Persian Language and Literature, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22034/lda.2025.143459.1045

Abstract

Rationalism is Ferdowsi's dominant thought in Shahnameh. Ferdowsi considers wisdom to be the most important human capital in life. The purpose of this research is to introduce the various meanings of wisdom in Shahnameh. The great work of Shahnameh begins with the name of God, the God of Life and Wisdom. The use of the word wisdom at the beginning of this precious work indicates the high position of wisdom in the poet's eyes. He believes that the distinguishing feature of man from other creatures is wisdom, and on this basis, he evaluates and explains the personality and performance of Iranian kings and heroes. Ferdowsi composed Shahnameh with the aim of explaining the social and political thoughts of pre-Islamic Iranian society and considers wisdom to be the most important factor in completing and determining the exercise of power and legitimacy of the king and ruler. The findings of the article show that wise social communication in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh includes the following: peaceful coexistence, constructive speech, balanced communication with individuals, understanding the values and status of the family, helping one's fellow human beings, courage in expression, concern and social awareness, lack of attachment to the world, moralistic joy, tolerance of problems, logical wisdom, deliberativeness, spiritual connection with God... As a result, Hakim Toos considers wisdom to be the distinguishing feature of human creation from other creatures, and it is on this basis that he evaluates the personalities of Iranian kings and heroes.

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