Discourse analysis is an approach that is considered one of the sub-branches of Linguistics and is used in the analysis of any linguistic sign. Harris's view was more rather based on structuralism; but after him, many linguists considered discourse analysis to be the opposite of text analysis. One of the branches of discourse analysis is critical discourse analysis, which is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of discourse, and by analyzing language shows that text and dialogue reproduce political and social power. Norman Fairclough is one of the founders of this theory, who stated three levels of description, interpretation and explanation for discourse. Due to the fact that every historical book has passed the filter of its author's ideological view, it is always accompanied by bias. Therefore, such a text has the capacity to be studied by discourse. In this article, after examining the theoretical foundations of discourse analysis, the text Ardalans’ History by Mastoreh Ardalan, is read at three levels of description, interpretation and explanation. The analysis of this work from the perspective of critical discourse analysis shows that in addition to the dominant discourse of the outer layer of the text, which is the all-round support of the Ardalan family, there are other discourses in the lower layers of the text, which express the ideological point of view of its author.
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